RNA:

• nucleic acids

• differs from DNA:

  • ​single stranded, looking like a half zipper

  • RNA sugar is ribose

  • Both contain 4 nitrogenous bases- but instead of thymine, RNA contains a base called uracil

Role of RNA:

• the workers for protein synthesisare the RNA molecules

• They take in DNA, the instructions onhow it is to be assembled, then the amino acid can build the protein

• Analogy- assembly line all working together to create a finsihed product

Three Types of RNA: 

1. Messenger RNA: 

   1. ​which brings instruction from DNA to nucleus to the cell factory floo, the cytoplasm. At this point the mRNA moves to the assembly line, a ribosome

2. Ribosomal RNA: 

   1. ​now binds to the mRNA and uses the insturctions to assemble the amino acid in the correct order

3. Transfer RNA:

   1. ​the supplier

   2. tRNA delivers the amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Genetic Code:

• There are 20 common amino acids, but mRNA contains only four types

• 3 nucleotides code for 1 amino acid 

Genetic Code 2:

• Stop codons indicates that proteins production has stopped at this point

• AUG is a start codon