The Nitrogen Cycle:

• Nitrogen is important element in bioogical systems, needed to costruct proteins and DNA.

• Amino Acids with NH2, are building blocks.

• Nitrogen bases (ATGC) are building blocks for nucleotides.

• Producers, plants aquire nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrated and use of manufacture proteins and DNA.

• Nitrogen- containing compounds are passed along food chains, which return to soil to excrete waste orderly

• Decomposers decay waste, soil, and bacteris to regenerate nitrates.

• Some bacteria are able to fix nitrogen gas directly from the atmosphere into the soil.

• Called Nitrogen fixing bacteria; live free soil or in mutualistic relationships with plants called legumes.

 

The Carbon Cycle:

• Carbon is apart of living and non- living, as a component in organisms, atmospheric gases, water, and rocks.

• Carbon moves from one sphere to another through the carbon cycle.

• Carbon cycle influences photosyntehsis and respiration, fossil fuel foramtion, and impacts on Earth's climate.

 

The Greenhouse Effect:

• Some sunlight that hits the Earth is reflected some becomes heat

• CO2 and other gases in the atmosphere trap heat, keeping the Earth warm.

 

Climate Change:

1. Methods- 

   1. driving less, using more energy efficient appliances, switching to solar and wind power.

2. Methods of taking out Carbon-

   1. planting more trees

 

 

 

 

 

Food Chains-

1. Energy flows and nutrients are cycled

2. Ultimate source of energy is the sun

3. Sun-- Producers-- Consumers

 

Food Webs- 

1. Show all possible feeding and energy flow relationships.

2. Arrows point towards the organsm who is recieving the enrgy and nutrients

3. Removal of one member of a foob web can have a rippling effect on other members of the web.

 

Energy Pyramids-

Secondary Consumers: 1%

Primary Consumers: 10%

Producers: 100%