Mitosis: 

• Cell Growth Limited by the Amount of DNA: 

  • ​cell needs enough DNA to meet the demands of the cell

  • some cells have 2 nuclei to carry out the functions

• Cell Division and Reproduction:

  • ​Cell Division- the process by which cells produce new cells

  • Location- Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

  • Needed for Cell Growth: 

    • ​to repair and replace damaged cells

    • reproduction of spieces

  • Apperance- when cells divide to produce two new identical cells

    • all cells come from the pre- existing cells

    • cells divide all the time and do so to regulate their size

 

 

Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction:

• Eukaryotic Cell Reproduction- a segment of DNA that codes for a protein or an RNA molecule

• Location- on our chromosomes

• What is it Like? 

  • Blue prints for making our cells

    • the info encoded in DNA is organized into units called genes

    • Genes are important

 

Chromosome:

• Chromosome- wound up structure that contains DNA information

• Location- nuclei

• What is it Like? 

  • twin

• Humans have 46 chromosomes

• Chromatids seperate in cell division and are placed in 

 

 

 

The Cell Cycle: 

• Cell Cycle Phases as Impact

  • I= Interphase

  • P= Prophase

  • M= Metaphase

  • A= Anaphase

  • T= Telephase

• Cell Cycle 2 parts: 

  • Period of Growth 

  • Period of Division

 

1. Interphase- 

   1. Period of Growth 

   2. non- dividing stage

      1. GI Phase- cell growth 

      2. S Phase- chromosomes replicate

      3. G2 Phase- preperation for mitosis

 

 

Mitosis-

• period of division

• asexual reporduction for singel cells

 

1. Prophase 

   1. Nuclear envelope and nucleus disappears

   2. chromosome appear

   3. spindle fibers form

2. Metaphase

   1. spindle fibers attach to the centrome

   2. chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

3. Anaphase

   1. pulled apart

   2. spindles still long

   3. Anaphase- sister chromatids move to opposote sides of the cell due to shortening of spindle fibers

4. Telephase

   1. nucleus and nucleolus reappear

   2. chromosomes unwind to direct activity for cell

   3. spindle fibers break down

   4. two new nuclei reappear at opposite ends of cell

 

Cytokinesis:

• Animal Cells

  • cytoplasm pinches inward to form a cleavage furrow

• Plant Cells

  • cell plate forms to build new membrane and cell wall